Simplifying key problems at individual, community, social and societal level through our issue-briefs. Browse through and read them to learn more to expand your understanding of the most pressing issues. Issue Briefs Social Brief #1 Understanding Millennial’s and Gen Z’s outlook towards life is key to socio-economic reform Insights from the Deloitte's 2022 and 2023 survey on aspirations, expectations and pressing concerns among the millennials and gen-z individuals. {Brief Type} Brief {#No.} This is your Project description. A brief summary can help visitors understand the context of your work. Click on "Edit Text" or double click on the text box to start. Description {Brief Type} Brief {#No.} This is your Project description. Provide a brief summary to help visitors understand the context and background of your work. Click on "Edit Text" or double click on the text box to start. Description {Brief Type} Brief {#No.} This is your Project description. Click on "Edit Text" or double click on the text box to start. Description {Brief Type} Brief {#No.} This is your Project description. Provide a brief summary to help visitors understand the context and background of your work. Click on "Edit Text" or double click on the text box to start. Description {Brief Type} Brief {#No.} This is your Project description. A brief summary can help visitors understand the context of your work. Click on "Edit Text" or double click on the text box to start. Description

Interactive Dashboards GHMC

UN Sustainable DEVELOPMENT GOALs (Goal - 1) No Poverty (Goal - 4) Quality Education (Goal - 7) Affordable & Clean Energy (Goal - 10) Reduced Inequalities (Goal - 13) Climate Action (Goal - 16) Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions (Goal - 2) Zero Hunger (Goal - 5) Gender Equality (Goal - 3) Good Health & Well-being (Goal - 6) Clean Water & Sanitation (Goal - 8) Decent Work & Economic Growth (Goal - 9) Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure (Goal - 11) Sustainable Cities & Communities (Goal - 12) Responsible Production & Consumption (Goal - 14) Life Below Water (Goal - 15) Life on Land (Goal - 17) Partnerships for the Goals UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a milestone document in the history of human rights. Drafted by representatives with different legal and cultural backgrounds from all regions of the world, the Declaration was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on 10 December 1948 (General Assembly resolution 217 A ) as a common standard of achievements for all peoples and all nations. It sets out, for the first time, fundamental human rights to be universally protected and it has been translated into over 500 languages. [Article 1] All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. [Article 2] Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. [Article 3] Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. [Article 4] No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. [Article 5] No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. [Article 6] Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. [Article 7] All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination. [Article 8] Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law. [Article 9] No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. [Article 10] Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him. [Article 11] (1) Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence. (2) No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed. [Article 12] No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks. [Article 13] (1) Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state. (2) Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country. [Article 14] (1) Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution. (2) This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. [Article 15] (1) Everyone has the right to a nationality. (2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality. [Article 16] (1) Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution. (2) Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses. (3) The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State. [Article 17] (1) Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others. (2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property. [Article 18] Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance. [Article 19] Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. [Article 20] (1) Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association. (2) No one may be compelled to belong to an association. [Article 21] (1) Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives. (2) Everyone has the right of equal access to public service in his country. (3) The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures. [Article 22] Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality. [Article 23] (1) Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment. (2) Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work. (3) Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection. (4) Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests. [Article 24] Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay. [Article 25] (1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. (2) Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection. [Article 26] (1) Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit. (2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace. (3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children. [Article 27] (1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits. (2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author. [Article 28] Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized. [Article 29] (1) Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible. (2) In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society. (3) These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. [Article 30] Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.

Municipality List 1. Urban planning including town planning. 2. Regulation of land-use and construction of buildings. 3. Planning for economic and social development. 4. Roads and bridges. 5. Water supply for domestic, industrial and commercial purposes. 6. Public health, sanitation conservancy and solid waste management. 7. Fire services. 8. Urban forestry, protection of the environment and promotion of ecological aspects. 9. Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections of society, including the handicapped and mentally retarded. 10. Slum improvement and upgradation. 11. Urban poverty alleviation. 12. Provision of urban amenities and facilities such as parks, gardens, playgrounds. 13. Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects. 14. Burials and burial grounds; cremations, cremation grounds; and electric crematoriums. 15. Cattle pounds; prevention of cruelty to animals. 16. Vital statistics including registration of births and deaths. 17. Public amenities including street lighting, parking lots, bus stops and public conveniences. 18. Regulation of slaughter houses and tanneries.

Every right of a citizen compiled at one place. Know your Rights Debunking all myths and providing you all with plain facts. One stop destination to get to know all YOUR rights. Please go through all of them and share it with our family, friends, colleagues, neighbours and fellow citizens. Legal Rights Driver & Passenger Rights Traffic Code Consumer Rights Patient Rights Employee Rights Voter Rights Food Safety Rights Child & Student Rights Digital Rights Govt. Schemes' Eligibility Check Farmer Rights Women's Rights How to file RTIs? "Right to Information Act - 2005" commonly known as "RTI Act" is an act of the Parliament of India which aims to provide for establishing a practical regime for dissemination of information to citizens and replaces the erstwhile "Freedom of information Act, 2002". Under the provisions of the Act, any citizen of India may request information from a "public authority" (a body of Government or "instrumentality of State") which is required to reply expeditiously (or) within thirty days. The Act also requires every public authority to computerize their records for wide dissemination and to proactively classify certain categories of information so that the citizens need minimum recourse to request for information formally. This law was passed by Parliament on 15 June 2005 and came fully into force on 12 October 2005. Every day, over 4,800 RTI applications are filed. In the first ten years of the commencement of the act over 17,500,000 applications have been filed. Information disclosure in India is restricted by the "Official Secrets Act, 1923" and various other special laws, which the new RTI Act relaxes to some extent. Right to Information codifies as a fundamental right of the citizens of India. RTI has proven to be very useful, but is counteracted by the "Whistle blowers Act". Raising an RTI...! You can raise an RTI request either 'online' (provided there is a dedicated online channel for the information authority/office to whom/which you're willing to raise the request) or 'offline' (i.e. by visiting the office, sending a mail etc.) All RTIs related to Union Government, Parliament, PSBs, PSUs and all central govt. institutions could be raised online through All India RTI Online portal. Apart from Union Government and other National institutions which have online portals to file RTI requests, ONLY 2 state governments - Delhi & Maharashtra have Online RTI portals among 28 states and 8 Union Territories. (Format for Offline RTI Application) (Online RTI Application Portal) (Click on the above image to visit National RTI Online Portal) Click here to read User Manual on "how to file RTIs?"

Our Alumni Full Name Name of the College/University Name of the Degree Title Year Adithya M National Law School of India University (NLSIU), Bengaluru M. A. in Public Policy Public Policy Research Intern 2023 – 2024 Hirak Roy Chowdhury Ashutosh College, Kolkata B. A. (Hons.) in Political Science Public Policy Research Intern 2024 Shailja Lavania IGNOU, New Delhi M. A. in Political Science Public Policy Research Intern 2024 Snehitha Pachipulusu Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras Integrated M.A. in Development Studies Public Policy & Political Research Intern 2024 Kaushiki Sharma Kalindi College, University of Delhi B. A. (Hons.) in Political Science Public Policy & Political Research Intern 2024 Sarah Gairola Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics M. Sc. in Economics Public Policy & Political Research Intern 2025 Khushi Khan Mount Caramel College, Bengaluru M.P.P. (Master's in Public Policy) Public Policy & Political Research Intern 2025 Ishani Sharma National Forensic Science University, Gandhinagar M. Sc. in Neuropsychology Research Intern (Full-time) 2025 Pinki Kumari Osmania University, Hyderabad B.A. LLB Research / Executive Assistant (Founder's Office) 2026

Fundamental Duties "Duties came before Rights. The exercise of Rights implies the exercise of Duties" [Article 51A] It shall be the duty of every citizen of India — (1) To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem; (2) To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom; (3) To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India; (4) To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so; (5) To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women; (6) To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture; (7) To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures; (8) To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform; (9) To safeguard public property and to abjure violence; (10) To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement; (11) Who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years.

Our Legislative Reform Agenda > Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill Email Subject Line & Body Text (For our Hon'ble Members of Parliament) Email Subject Line: Appeal by Your Voter | Need of a Legislation to Regulate Election Promises | Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill Email Body Text: Greetings Hon'ble Sir/Madam, I, __________________________, a voter of your Lok Sabha (Parliamentary) Constituency and/or State, would request you to propose and endorse the idea of regulating the election promises made by the political parties and political candidates in their election manifestos by way of working towards the enactment of a parliamentary legislation titled Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill. A draft of this bill can be found at the link given below for your perusal and action. As you are aware, all political parties are resorting to freebies, some of them may be logical and much needed, however, some of them are not required and lack fiscal prudence on behalf of the political parties and their candidates. Political parties often realize this mistake sooner (or) later after forming their own governments. Election Manifestos are meant to provide a strong vision and action agenda of political parties as to how these parties would contribute to holistic reforms and betterment of different sections of the society. Every time a political party makes an election promise, and fails to deliver on it for whatever reason, it undermines the trust and faith of the people in the democratic processes, institutions and, ultimately, the democracy itself. Therefore, it is in the interest of all the people, society and nation that the trust in the very idea of democracy be enhanced and strengthened. This Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill draft legislation marks a significant step in that direction. We hope you will consider and act on this! Thank you! Yours sincerely, ______________________ Find your Lok Sabha MP Find your Rajya Sabha MP Email ID: appt.pmo@nic.in Email Subject Line: Appeal by a concerned Indian | Need of a Legislation to Regulate Election Promises | Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill Email Body Text: Greetings Hon'ble Prime Minister Sir, As an Indian citizen, I appeal your attention to the urgent need of regulating the election promises made by the political parties and political candidates in their election manifestos by way of working towards the enactment of a parliamentary legislation titled Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill. A draft of this bill can be found at the link given below for your perusal and action. As you are aware, all political parties are resorting to freebies, some of them may be logical and much needed, however, some of them are not required and lack fiscal prudence on behalf of the political parties and their candidates. Political parties often realize this mistake sooner (or) later after forming their own governments. Unfortunately, even the parties like BJP which had advocated for fiscal responsibility are resorting to making unsound election promises (that are detrimental to the fiscal position and financial health of governments and states across the country). Election Manifestos are meant to provide a strong vision and action agenda of political parties as to how these parties would contribute to holistic reforms and betterment of different sections of the society. Every time a political party makes an election promise, and fails to deliver on it for whatever reason, it undermines the trust and faith of the people in the democratic processes, institutions and, ultimately, the democracy itself. Therefore, it is in the interest of all the people, society and nation that the trust in the very idea of democracy be enhanced and strengthened. This Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill draft legislation marks a significant step in that direction. I appeal to you to gather inspiration from our Hon'ble Former Prime Minister Bharat Ratna Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee Ji who enacted Fiscal Responsibility & Budget Management Act in 2003 for the purpose of ushering in an era of 'fiscally responsible governance'. This draft legislation attempts to usher in an era of 'fiscally responsible electoral politics' under your esteemed and magnanimous leadership. We hope you will consider and act on this! Thank you! Yours sincerely, ______________________ Email Subject Line & Body Text (For our Hon'ble Prime Minister)

Legal Rights No women can be arrested between 6:00 PM & 6:00 AM. (CrPC section 46). A police officer CANNOT refuse to lodge an FIR. If he/she refuses so, they could be jailed for up to 6 months to 1 year. (IPC section 166A). A police officer is ALWAYS on duty whether (or not) he/she is wearing a uniform. (Police Act, 1861) A police officer CANNOT say that he/she is NOT on duty while you visit him/her to file a complaint. (Police Act, 1861) Only women constable or women police official can arrest a woman. Male constables have NO right to arrest a woman. (CrPC, 1973) In case of a serious crime in which a woman is accused, a male police officer CAN arrest a woman ONLY after the receipt of written order from the Magistrate. (CrPC, 1973). A person can seek Anticipatory bail in case of expectation of being named or accused of having committed a Non-bailable offence. (CrPC, Section 438) To get anticipatory bail, a person must approach the Sessions Court (or) the High Court and disclose a proper reason citing section 438. If the court sees merit in the petition, it grants an anticipatory bail. A Hindu married couple CANNOT register a divorce petition with-in a year of marriage (Section 14 of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955). However, if the high court feels that the petitioner is experiencing immense problems, then, the judge can permit the petitioner to file for divorce. Article 20 (2) of the constitution mandates that a person cannot be prosecuted or punished twice for the same offence. A police CANNOT conduct any search in a person’s house WITHOUT a search warrant (CrPC, Section 93). A Search Warrant should clearly and specifically mention the document (or) the thing which is being searched for, date, time and place of search along with any other relevant details. A police CANNOT simply take away your phone or personal computer for scrutiny WITHOUT a proper & specific search warrant allowing them to scrutinize personal belongings. NO magistrate other than a District Magistrate (or) a Chief Judicial Magistrate can issue a search warrant. Search and seizure of documents or things should be made in compliance with the provisions of Section 100 of CrPC. Police must search the house in the presence of the Owner of the home/office. The owner CANNOT be asked to leave while the search is taking place. If police take/seize any object from the property after their search, they must make a list of articles seized. The owner, at least 2 independent witnesses and the Police officer must verify the list and then sign. A copy of the list of articles that the police are taking must be given to the owner of the house/office. Illegal detention of a person is a serious offence. A police should formally arrest a person before taking him/her into custody. If the police summon someone for questioning, they must conduct the interview promptly and efficiently. The police cannot make someone wait endlessly at the police station and in such circumstances; the person is free to leave whenever they want. If you are aware that a police officer is illegally detaining a person, you can complain about the offending officer to his senior or to a magistrate. the arrested or detained individual's lawyer to go immediately to the High Court or the Supreme Court and file a ‘Habeas Corpus' petition seeking the person’s immediate release. A woman who has been taken into custody has to be kept in a separate lock up in the police station and any examination or body search must be conducted by a woman officer or doctor. According to the general law, children under the age of 7 years cannot be accused of a crime, hence cannot be taken into police custody. The procedure for questioning, apprehension, custody, release and bail of children up to the age of 18 is all governed by the Juvenile Justice Care and Protection of Children Act of 2002. JJCPCA, 2002 states that each police station must have a juvenile police unit with specially trained officers. A child must not be kept in lockup at all, but instead must be immediately handed back to the parents on bail and assurances. If the parents are not available, or it is felt that the child is at risk of falling into bad company then the child must be sent to the local observation home till he/she is brought before the juvenile court. It is illegal for the police to slap, beat, threaten, intimidate or torture any person who is being held in custody. Policemen can be removed from service and can also go to jail for doing this. The police are responsible for the wellbeing and safety of an arrested person. If anyone suspects torture of a person who is in police custody, they can report it to the National or State Human Rights Commission, to a magistrate or to the Legal Services Authority. The matter can also be taken directly to the High Court or Supreme Court. It is also against the law for the police to force an individual into making a confession. The police have the right to interrogate an individual but they cannot strong-arm one to say anything that he/she has no knowledge of or to confess to some crime that he/she has not committed. Under any circumstance and in any case, a confession that is made to a police officer is not admissible in court. A confession is only valid if it made to or before a magistrate. No person accused of any offence shall be compelled to be a witness against himself/herself. (Article 20(3) of Indian Constitution). Steps to be followed while taking an individual into the custody. An Arrest Memo must be made by the police either at the time of arrest or the instant the suspect is brought into the police station. A family member or friend of the arrested person must be informed, by the police, of the arrest and the location that the police are holding the person at. An Inspection Memo detailing the physical condition of the arrested person on his/her arrival into custody must be prepared by the police. Legal representation for the arrested individual must be provided. The police must present the arrested individual before a magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest. The police cannot take anyone into custody and hold them at a secret location. As soon as the police make an arrest they have to do prepare an Arrest Memo and send that to the local magistrate. 35. Once an FIR has been filed the police are legally bound to start investigating the case. Once the investigation has been concluded the police will record all their findings in a ‘Challan’ or charge sheet. If it is deemed that there is enough proof on the charge sheet the case goes to court. 36. For any reason If the police decide to close the case, they are bound to inform the person who filed the FIR of their decision. 37. When an FIR is registered and written down by the police it is done in triplicate. One copy remains with the police and is filed in their FIR register, the second copy goes to the magistrate and the third should be handed over to the person who filed the FIR. 38. One must insist on getting a copy of the FIR immediately as it is the proof of the FIR having been registered. The copy is to be provided free of cost by the police. 39. An FIR can only be filed for a cognizable crime. 40. In the event someone is trying to file an FIR for a crime that falls in the non-cognizable category it is the duty of the police to listen to them, enter the matter in their daily register or dairy, give the person a signed copy of the entry made (as proof of the matter being recorded) and direct them to the closest or appropriate magistrate. 41. The signed copy of the entry made by the police is free of cost and is a right to receive.

Child & Student Rights The Indian constitution accords rights to children as citizens of the country, and in keeping with their special status the State has even enacted special laws. The Constitution, promulgated in 1950, encompasses most rights included in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child as Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy. Over the years, many individuals and public interest groups have approached the apex court for restitution of fundamental rights, including child rights. The Directive Principles of State Policy articulate social and economic rights that have been declared to be “fundamental in the governance of the country and … the duty of the state to apply … in making laws” (Article 37). The government has the flexibility to undertake appropriate legislative and administrative measures to ensure children’s rights; no court can make the government ensure them, as these are essentially directives. These directives have enabled the judiciary to give some landmark judgements promoting children’s rights, leading to Constitutional Amendments as is in the case of the 86th Amendment to the Constitution that made Right to Education a fundamental right.

CRFHGR Monthly Newsletters. Monthly Newsletters 01 Project Name This is your Project description. Provide a brief summary to help visitors understand the context and background of your work. Click on "Edit Text" or double click on the text box to start. 02 Project Name This is your Project description. Provide a brief summary to help visitors understand the context and background of your work. Click on "Edit Text" or double click on the text box to start. 03 Project Name This is your Project description. Provide a brief summary to help visitors understand the context and background of your work. Click on "Edit Text" or double click on the text box to start. 04 Project Name This is your Project description. Provide a brief summary to help visitors understand the context and background of your work. Click on "Edit Text" or double click on the text box to start.

Constitutional Reforms 1 2-term Limit to PMO , CMOs , President & Vice-president 2 Creating & defining the Deputy PM / CM offices ECI-monitored Biennial Intra-party elections to all positions in political parties