www.crfhgr.org is the official website of Chirravuri Research Foundation for Human & Global Reforms, a Not-for-Profit Research Company working for Human and Global well-being. 1/4 REFORMING HUMANITY & WORLD ONE STEP AT A TIME No posts published in this language yet Once posts are published, you’ll see them here.

About us Chirravuri Research Foundation for Human and Global Reforms i.e., CRFHGR is a Section 8, Not-for-Profit Research Company that undertakes novel research in Humanities, Management and Social Sciences to promote progress, prosperity and peace in human societies at local, regional, sub-national, national and global levels. The agenda of CRFHGR is to make this world better by stepping into the uncharted paradigms of humanities and social sciences research. It was established in August 2023 after the approval and registration by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Gove rnment of India with the CIN: U72200TS2023NPL176476 and Section 8 Non-Profit License No. 147287 in Hyderabad, Telangana. Our Vision Zero Avoidable Human Suffering Happier Human Lives True & Perpetual World Peace Building better systems and processes through research and evidence-based practice. Rethinking on the lines of first principles to solve the core challenges of Human Development, Management and Governance. Promotion of the holistic well-being of individuals, organizations and communities. Our Mission The Leadership Akhil Chirravuri (Founder & Director) Akhil is a public policy researcher, a political consultant and, a doctoral research fellow in public policy with over 8+ years of professional experience in public policy & legislative research, stakeholder management, campaign strategy & execution, narrative building, impact consulting, and capacity building. His primary research interests are Techno-politics; Digital Societies & Governance, and Citizen Activism. He completed his B. Tech. in Electrical & Electronics Engineering from Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering & Technology / Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (Hyderabad) , and M.A. in Political Science from Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU New Delhi) , and is currently pursuing his Doctoral Research (Ph. D.) in Public Policy from Jindal School of Government & Public Policy @ O. P. Jindal Global University . In addition to his doctoral research endeavours, he is also currently pursuing his Executive MBA from Indian Institute of Management – Kozhikode (IIM – K) . In 2022, he qualified the UGC – NET (National Eligibility Test) for Lectureship (Assistant Professor) in Political Science . In 2024, he was selected for Punjab Good Governance Fellowship by the Government of Punjab in partnership with Indian School of Business (ISB) . He believes in simplifying the matters of policy, administration and politics to all the stakeholders including the citizens for informed decision-making across all levels of democratic processes, there-by contributing to a better action and reform agenda. On the global governance front, he believes in the need for a New Global Order based on 'Rules-based Engagement' and 'Reformed Multilateralism' centred-around human dignity, rights, sustainable development and peace. 3 Draft Legislations 7 Parliamentary Constituencies 5 Political Parties 10 Political Campaigns 8 Politicians 15 Policy Review Papers Our Team , We are a compact team of professionals with rich professional experience across diverse backgrounds. Just as all the good things require time, our good team is in the process of expansion, gradually! A. Swathi Vaishnavi (Director) Swathi is a Chartered Accountant (C.A.) and an Auditor with 4 years of experience in Accountancy, Audit and Risk Consulting. A. V. S. Manikanta Sastry (Finance & Accounts Supervisor) Sastry is a Financial Accountant with about 6 years of experience in financial management, corporate auditing and accounting. Sai Santosh Yakkali (Head – Innovation & Strategy) Santosh is a Management Consultant and an Entrepreneur with over 6 years of professional experience in management consulting, strategy execution & business innovation. Goutham Pratapa (Head – Web Development & Digital Technology) Goutham is a Software Engineer with over 9 years of experience in Linux, DevOps, MLOps, Machine & Deep Learning and Data Science. P. Sri Lakshmi (Executive Trustee) Parimi Sri Lakshmi oversees various activities related to the smooth functioning of the organization. D. Hitesh Kumar (Head – Global Technology Policy Division) Hitesh is a Cloud Engineer and has a penchant for human and industrial development policies. He possesses over 8 years of professional experience in IT Consulting, Cloud Technology and Data Science. Dr. M. Azharuddin (Advisor – Urban Studies) Dr. M. Azharuddin is a Post-doctoral Researcher in Water Resources Managment at University of Minnesota. He possesses over 7 years of solid research experience in water resources management and urban development. Pranith Ganguly (Research Assistant) Pranith is a recent graduate in M.A. Political Science from Hyderabad Central University. His intellectual bent to innovative, out-of-the-box critical thinking is thrilling even for the most of us experienced professionals. Our Alumni

Our Legislative Reform Agenda Legislation #1 Representation of the People (Election Manifestos Regulation Amendment) Bill, 2025 The bill aims to regulate myriad aspects of election promises and election manifestos in view of electoral politics that are increasingly lacking fiscal prudence. Read More Legislation #2 Circular Economy Bill, 2026 The bill mandates all tiers of governments (from National-to-Local) to set-up institutional and systemic action plans for effective and efficient resource utilization rooted in the 4R sustainable philosophy (Re-use, Re-cycle, Re-purpose, Re-manufacture). Read More Legislation #3 Individual Taxpayers' Social Security Right Bill The bill aims to create a social security net for all the Income Tax paying employees in the event of a unforeseen termination from employment in certain cases. Read More Legislation #4 Rights of Pre-trial and Under-trial Prison Detainees Bill The bill seeks to set-up clear, fair and transparent conditions for trial and bail of the accused people during pre-trial & trial process Read More Legislation #5 Nuptial Consents (Legal Recognition) Bill The bill aims to recognize pre-nuptial and post-nuptial consent agreements between two individuals (who wish to marry, or are already married) on the distribution of their time, inter-personal matters, and financial (or) non-financial assets and debts in the event of a divorce. Read More Legislation #6 Mandatory Career Counselling Bill The bill seeks to establish National Career Counselling and Student Guidance Council for conducting & imparting career guidance programmes among secondary school students and families to enable them to make informed career decisions Read More Legislation #7 Indian Democratic Representation Bill The bill rethinks the Representation of the People Act, 1950 from the ground-up by simplifying and strengthening the Voter Registration processes and periodic rationalization of voter lists with a strong institutional frameworks to uphold Indian democracy. Read More Legislation #8 Indian Conduct of Elections Bill The bill rethinks the Representation of the People Act, 1951 by increasing the efficiency and transparency in conduct of elections and making Indian democracy work with the new developments of Digital Technology. Read More Legislation #9 Public Hate Speeches (Prohibition) Bill The bill criminalizes Hate Speech in public sphere with stringent, time-bound action against politicians, elected officials, organizations, religious bodies and media Read More Legislation #10 Compulsory National Service Bill The bill seeks to usher in mandatory National Service among all adult citizens as per age group to foster civic preparedness and a sense of belongingness. Read More Legislation #11 Political Parties (Organization, Leadership, Internal Democracy and Financial Transparency) Bill The bill seeks to regulate all the key functional aspects of political parties including organizational development, internal democracy, leadership building and funding restrictions in India. Read More

Contribute to our research, advocacy and social welfare efforts through your support. We are a 12A & 80G Registered Company Your Donations are exempted under Section 80G of Income Tax Act, 1961 IMPORTANT INFORMATION Only Indian Domestic donations (in INR ₹) from Indian citizens (including NRIs) and Indian Entities having a valid PAN (Permanent Account Number) are accepted. Foreign Donations from Foreign Entities and Foreign Citizens are NOT accepted. Refunds are allowed with-in 7 days from the date of donation. Click here to read our complete refund policy. If donating online, please E-mail us the screenshot of your payment with Transaction ID or other details confirming the success of transaction along-with your PAN details on communications@crfhgr.org An Acknowledgement No. & Provisional Donation Receipt are shared with the donors after the confirmation of the donation from our end. Provisional Donation Receipt is NOT the same as IT Exemption Donation Certificate/Receipt. IT Exemption Donation Certificate/Receipt shall be sent via email (on the email id provided by the donor) 7-days from the date of donation. For more clarifications, write to us on communications@crfhgr.org How your Donations Are Used? How your Donations Are Used? How your Donations Are Used? How your Donations Are Used? Research Development Social Welfare Primary & Secondary Research To undertake primary and secondary research in Humanities, Management and Social Sciences disciplines and to generate new knowledge through scientific inquiry and practice for the purpose of individual, organizational and social betterment, and, also contribute to the noble goals of peace, prosperity and progress among humans and communities. We primarily indulge 39 areas across Humanities, Management and Social Sciences disciplines. Some of these areas are public policy & legislative research, governance advisory, social innovation & entrepreneurship, capacity building, organizational research, corporate governance, psychology & behavioural studies, legal research and gender studies among others. Social Welfare Quality education at primary, secondary and higher secondary levels, skill & vocational development, civic & voter education, digital literacy, gender equality, women empowerment, eradication of gender violence, and rural development and welfare activities rooted in research and evidence-based practice. Development Based on our research, we attempt to craft solutions and apply them to solve any given problem in the corresponding area(s) across the Humanities, Management and Social Sciences disciplines to leverage meaningful and positive impact on individuals, communities, organizations and societies. We also advise stakeholders on a course of action and be a part of the execution to achieve desired results. Make a Donation! Contribute to our research, advocacy and social welfare efforts. Frequency One time One time Monthly Monthly Yearly Yearly Amount ₹500 ₹500 ₹1,000 ₹1,000 ₹2,000 ₹2,000 ₹5,000 ₹5,000 ₹10,000 ₹10,000 Other Other 0/100 Comment (optional) Donate ₹500 (OR) Scan the QR code below Donations made through QR Code above Donors who donate through QR Code above should E-mail us the screenshot of your payment with Transaction ID, and PAN details confirming the success of transaction communications@crfhgr.org and the Receipt will be reverted directly.

Contribute to our research, advocacy and social welfare efforts through your support. We are a 12A & 80G Registered Company Your Donations are exempted under Section 80G of Income Tax Act, 1961 IMPORTANT INFORMATION Only Indian Domestic donations (in INR ₹) from Indian citizens (including NRIs) and Indian Entities having a valid PAN (Permanent Account Number) are accepted. Foreign Donations from Foreign Entities and Foreign Citizens are NOT accepted. Refunds are allowed with-in 7 days from the date of donation. Click here to read our complete refund policy. If donating online, please E-mail us the screenshot of your payment with Transaction ID or other details confirming the success of transaction along-with your PAN details on communications@crfhgr.org An Acknowledgement No. & Provisional Donation Receipt are shared with the donors after the confirmation of the donation from our end. Provisional Donation Receipt is NOT the same as IT Exemption Donation Certificate/Receipt. IT Exemption Donation Certificate/Receipt shall be sent via email (on the email id provided by the donor) 7-days from the date of donation. For more clarifications, write to us on communications@crfhgr.org BANK ACCOUNT DETAILS Beneficiary Account Name: Chirravuri Research Foundation for Human and Global Reforms Bank Name: Axis Bank Bank A/C No. 923010060396830 IFS Code: UTIB0001381 Branch: Nallakunta (Hyderabad City) Make a Donation! Contribute to our research, advocacy and social welfare efforts. Frequency One time One time Monthly Monthly Yearly Yearly Amount ₹500 ₹500 ₹1,000 ₹1,000 ₹2,000 ₹2,000 ₹5,000 ₹5,000 ₹10,000 ₹10,000 Other Other 0/100 Comment (optional) Donate ₹500 How your Donations Are Used? How your Donations Are Used? How your Donations Are Used? How your Donations Are Used? Research Development Social Welfare Primary & Secondary Research To undertake primary and secondary research in Humanities, Management and Social Sciences disciplines and to generate new knowledge through scientific inquiry and practice for the purpose of individual, organizational and social betterment, and, also contribute to the noble goals of peace, prosperity and progress among humans and communities. We primarily indulge 39 areas across Humanities, Management and Social Sciences disciplines. Some of these areas are public policy & legislative research, governance advisory, social innovation & entrepreneurship, capacity building, organizational research, corporate governance, psychology & behavioural studies, legal research and gender studies among others. Social Welfare Quality education at primary, secondary and higher secondary levels, skill & vocational development, civic & voter education, digital literacy, gender equality, women empowerment, eradication of gender violence, and rural development and welfare activities rooted in research and evidence-based practice. Development Based on our research, we attempt to craft solutions and apply them to solve any given problem in the corresponding area(s) across the Humanities, Management and Social Sciences disciplines to leverage meaningful and positive impact on individuals, communities, organizations and societies. We also advise stakeholders on a course of action and be a part of the execution to achieve desired results.

Our Alumni Full Name Name of the College/University Name of the Degree Title Year Adithya M National Law School of India University (NLSIU), Bengaluru M. A. in Public Policy Public Policy Research Intern 2023 – 2024 Hirak Roy Chowdhury Ashutosh College, Kolkata B. A. (Hons.) in Political Science Public Policy Research Intern 2024 Shailja Lavania IGNOU, New Delhi M. A. in Political Science Public Policy Research Intern 2024 Snehitha Pachipulusu Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras Integrated M.A. in Development Studies Public Policy & Political Research Intern 2024 Kaushiki Sharma Kalindi College, University of Delhi B. A. (Hons.) in Political Science Public Policy & Political Research Intern 2024 Sarah Gairola Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics M. Sc. in Economics Public Policy & Political Research Intern 2025 Khushi Khan Mount Caramel College, Bengaluru M.P.P. (Master's in Public Policy) Public Policy & Political Research Intern 2025 Ishani Sharma National Forensic Science University, Gandhinagar M. Sc. in Neuropsychology Research Intern (Full-time) 2025 Pinki Kumari Osmania University, Hyderabad B.A. LLB Research / Executive Assistant (Founder's Office) 2026

Fundamental Duties "Duties came before Rights. The exercise of Rights implies the exercise of Duties" [Article 51A] It shall be the duty of every citizen of India — (1) To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem; (2) To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom; (3) To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India; (4) To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so; (5) To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women; (6) To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture; (7) To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures; (8) To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform; (9) To safeguard public property and to abjure violence; (10) To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement; (11) Who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years.

Our Legislative Reform Agenda > Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill Email Subject Line & Body Text (For our Hon'ble Members of Parliament) Email Subject Line: Appeal by Your Voter | Need of a Legislation to Regulate Election Promises | Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill Email Body Text: Greetings Hon'ble Sir/Madam, I, __________________________, a voter of your Lok Sabha (Parliamentary) Constituency and/or State, would request you to propose and endorse the idea of regulating the election promises made by the political parties and political candidates in their election manifestos by way of working towards the enactment of a parliamentary legislation titled Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill. A draft of this bill can be found at the link given below for your perusal and action. As you are aware, all political parties are resorting to freebies, some of them may be logical and much needed, however, some of them are not required and lack fiscal prudence on behalf of the political parties and their candidates. Political parties often realize this mistake sooner (or) later after forming their own governments. Election Manifestos are meant to provide a strong vision and action agenda of political parties as to how these parties would contribute to holistic reforms and betterment of different sections of the society. Every time a political party makes an election promise, and fails to deliver on it for whatever reason, it undermines the trust and faith of the people in the democratic processes, institutions and, ultimately, the democracy itself. Therefore, it is in the interest of all the people, society and nation that the trust in the very idea of democracy be enhanced and strengthened. This Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill draft legislation marks a significant step in that direction. We hope you will consider and act on this! Thank you! Yours sincerely, ______________________ Find your Lok Sabha MP Find your Rajya Sabha MP Email ID: appt.pmo@nic.in Email Subject Line: Appeal by a concerned Indian | Need of a Legislation to Regulate Election Promises | Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill Email Body Text: Greetings Hon'ble Prime Minister Sir, As an Indian citizen, I appeal your attention to the urgent need of regulating the election promises made by the political parties and political candidates in their election manifestos by way of working towards the enactment of a parliamentary legislation titled Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill. A draft of this bill can be found at the link given below for your perusal and action. As you are aware, all political parties are resorting to freebies, some of them may be logical and much needed, however, some of them are not required and lack fiscal prudence on behalf of the political parties and their candidates. Political parties often realize this mistake sooner (or) later after forming their own governments. Unfortunately, even the parties like BJP which had advocated for fiscal responsibility are resorting to making unsound election promises (that are detrimental to the fiscal position and financial health of governments and states across the country). Election Manifestos are meant to provide a strong vision and action agenda of political parties as to how these parties would contribute to holistic reforms and betterment of different sections of the society. Every time a political party makes an election promise, and fails to deliver on it for whatever reason, it undermines the trust and faith of the people in the democratic processes, institutions and, ultimately, the democracy itself. Therefore, it is in the interest of all the people, society and nation that the trust in the very idea of democracy be enhanced and strengthened. This Election Manifestos (Regulation) Bill draft legislation marks a significant step in that direction. I appeal to you to gather inspiration from our Hon'ble Former Prime Minister Bharat Ratna Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee Ji who enacted Fiscal Responsibility & Budget Management Act in 2003 for the purpose of ushering in an era of 'fiscally responsible governance'. This draft legislation attempts to usher in an era of 'fiscally responsible electoral politics' under your esteemed and magnanimous leadership. We hope you will consider and act on this! Thank you! Yours sincerely, ______________________ Email Subject Line & Body Text (For our Hon'ble Prime Minister)

Legal Rights No women can be arrested between 6:00 PM & 6:00 AM. (CrPC section 46). A police officer CANNOT refuse to lodge an FIR. If he/she refuses so, they could be jailed for up to 6 months to 1 year. (IPC section 166A). A police officer is ALWAYS on duty whether (or not) he/she is wearing a uniform. (Police Act, 1861) A police officer CANNOT say that he/she is NOT on duty while you visit him/her to file a complaint. (Police Act, 1861) Only women constable or women police official can arrest a woman. Male constables have NO right to arrest a woman. (CrPC, 1973) In case of a serious crime in which a woman is accused, a male police officer CAN arrest a woman ONLY after the receipt of written order from the Magistrate. (CrPC, 1973). A person can seek Anticipatory bail in case of expectation of being named or accused of having committed a Non-bailable offence. (CrPC, Section 438) To get anticipatory bail, a person must approach the Sessions Court (or) the High Court and disclose a proper reason citing section 438. If the court sees merit in the petition, it grants an anticipatory bail. A Hindu married couple CANNOT register a divorce petition with-in a year of marriage (Section 14 of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955). However, if the high court feels that the petitioner is experiencing immense problems, then, the judge can permit the petitioner to file for divorce. Article 20 (2) of the constitution mandates that a person cannot be prosecuted or punished twice for the same offence. A police CANNOT conduct any search in a person’s house WITHOUT a search warrant (CrPC, Section 93). A Search Warrant should clearly and specifically mention the document (or) the thing which is being searched for, date, time and place of search along with any other relevant details. A police CANNOT simply take away your phone or personal computer for scrutiny WITHOUT a proper & specific search warrant allowing them to scrutinize personal belongings. NO magistrate other than a District Magistrate (or) a Chief Judicial Magistrate can issue a search warrant. Search and seizure of documents or things should be made in compliance with the provisions of Section 100 of CrPC. Police must search the house in the presence of the Owner of the home/office. The owner CANNOT be asked to leave while the search is taking place. If police take/seize any object from the property after their search, they must make a list of articles seized. The owner, at least 2 independent witnesses and the Police officer must verify the list and then sign. A copy of the list of articles that the police are taking must be given to the owner of the house/office. Illegal detention of a person is a serious offence. A police should formally arrest a person before taking him/her into custody. If the police summon someone for questioning, they must conduct the interview promptly and efficiently. The police cannot make someone wait endlessly at the police station and in such circumstances; the person is free to leave whenever they want. If you are aware that a police officer is illegally detaining a person, you can complain about the offending officer to his senior or to a magistrate. the arrested or detained individual's lawyer to go immediately to the High Court or the Supreme Court and file a ‘Habeas Corpus' petition seeking the person’s immediate release. A woman who has been taken into custody has to be kept in a separate lock up in the police station and any examination or body search must be conducted by a woman officer or doctor. According to the general law, children under the age of 7 years cannot be accused of a crime, hence cannot be taken into police custody. The procedure for questioning, apprehension, custody, release and bail of children up to the age of 18 is all governed by the Juvenile Justice Care and Protection of Children Act of 2002. JJCPCA, 2002 states that each police station must have a juvenile police unit with specially trained officers. A child must not be kept in lockup at all, but instead must be immediately handed back to the parents on bail and assurances. If the parents are not available, or it is felt that the child is at risk of falling into bad company then the child must be sent to the local observation home till he/she is brought before the juvenile court. It is illegal for the police to slap, beat, threaten, intimidate or torture any person who is being held in custody. Policemen can be removed from service and can also go to jail for doing this. The police are responsible for the wellbeing and safety of an arrested person. If anyone suspects torture of a person who is in police custody, they can report it to the National or State Human Rights Commission, to a magistrate or to the Legal Services Authority. The matter can also be taken directly to the High Court or Supreme Court. It is also against the law for the police to force an individual into making a confession. The police have the right to interrogate an individual but they cannot strong-arm one to say anything that he/she has no knowledge of or to confess to some crime that he/she has not committed. Under any circumstance and in any case, a confession that is made to a police officer is not admissible in court. A confession is only valid if it made to or before a magistrate. No person accused of any offence shall be compelled to be a witness against himself/herself. (Article 20(3) of Indian Constitution). Steps to be followed while taking an individual into the custody. An Arrest Memo must be made by the police either at the time of arrest or the instant the suspect is brought into the police station. A family member or friend of the arrested person must be informed, by the police, of the arrest and the location that the police are holding the person at. An Inspection Memo detailing the physical condition of the arrested person on his/her arrival into custody must be prepared by the police. Legal representation for the arrested individual must be provided. The police must present the arrested individual before a magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest. The police cannot take anyone into custody and hold them at a secret location. As soon as the police make an arrest they have to do prepare an Arrest Memo and send that to the local magistrate. 35. Once an FIR has been filed the police are legally bound to start investigating the case. Once the investigation has been concluded the police will record all their findings in a ‘Challan’ or charge sheet. If it is deemed that there is enough proof on the charge sheet the case goes to court. 36. For any reason If the police decide to close the case, they are bound to inform the person who filed the FIR of their decision. 37. When an FIR is registered and written down by the police it is done in triplicate. One copy remains with the police and is filed in their FIR register, the second copy goes to the magistrate and the third should be handed over to the person who filed the FIR. 38. One must insist on getting a copy of the FIR immediately as it is the proof of the FIR having been registered. The copy is to be provided free of cost by the police. 39. An FIR can only be filed for a cognizable crime. 40. In the event someone is trying to file an FIR for a crime that falls in the non-cognizable category it is the duty of the police to listen to them, enter the matter in their daily register or dairy, give the person a signed copy of the entry made (as proof of the matter being recorded) and direct them to the closest or appropriate magistrate. 41. The signed copy of the entry made by the police is free of cost and is a right to receive.

Child & Student Rights The Indian constitution accords rights to children as citizens of the country, and in keeping with their special status the State has even enacted special laws. The Constitution, promulgated in 1950, encompasses most rights included in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child as Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy. Over the years, many individuals and public interest groups have approached the apex court for restitution of fundamental rights, including child rights. The Directive Principles of State Policy articulate social and economic rights that have been declared to be “fundamental in the governance of the country and … the duty of the state to apply … in making laws” (Article 37). The government has the flexibility to undertake appropriate legislative and administrative measures to ensure children’s rights; no court can make the government ensure them, as these are essentially directives. These directives have enabled the judiciary to give some landmark judgements promoting children’s rights, leading to Constitutional Amendments as is in the case of the 86th Amendment to the Constitution that made Right to Education a fundamental right.

About Indian Constitution and it's values. CONSTITUTION OF INDIA PREAMBLE We, the People of India, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation; IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this 26th day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION. Our Constitution has... 449 ARTICLES 5 APPENDICES 25 PARTS 106 AMENDMENTS 12 SCHEDULES 1,45,000 + WORDS A MUST READ ( Basic knowledge every CITIZEN must possess) Fundamental Rights MORE Fundamental Rights Know more > Fundamental Duties Fundamental Duties Know more > Directive Principles MORE Directive Principles Know more > Union List Union List Know more > State List State List Know more > Concurrent List Concurrent List Know more > Panchayat List Panchayat List Know more > Municipality List Municipality List Know more > Download Constitution of India (in English) here Download Constitution of India (in other languages) here